Recent Advancements in Battery State of Power Estimation Technology: A Comprehensive Overview and Error Source Analysis

Accurate state of power (SOP) estimation is of great importance for lithium-ion batteries in safety-critical and power-intensive applications for electric vehicles. This review article delves deeply into the entire development flow of current SOP estimation technology, offering a systematic breakdown of all key aspects with their recent advancements. First, we review the design of battery safe operation area, summarizing diverse limitation factors and furnishing a profound comprehension of battery safety across a broad operational scale. Second, we illustrate the unique discharge and charge characteristics of various peak operation modes, such as constant current, constant voltage, constant current-constant voltage, and constant power, and explore their impacts on battery peak power performance. Third, we extensively survey the aspects of battery modelling and algorithm development in current SOP estimation technology, highlighting their technical contributions and specific considerations. Fourth, we present an in-depth dissection of all error sources to unveil their propagation pathways, providing insightful analysis into how each type of error impacts the SOP estimation performance. Finally, the technical challenges and complexities inherent in this field of research are addressed, suggesting potential directions for future development. Our goal is to inspire further efforts towards developing more accurate and intelligent SOP estimation technology for next-generation battery management systems.