Estimation of High Impedance Fault Location in Electrical Transmission Lines Using Artificial Neural Networks and R-X Impedance Graph

It is very important to ensure continuity in the process from generation of electricity to transmission to cities. The most important part of the system is energy transmission lines and distance protection relays that protect these lines. The main function of the protection relays in electrical installations should be deactivated as soon as possible in the event of short circuits in the system. An accurate error location technique is required to make fast and efficient work. Distance relays are widely used as main and backup protection in transmission and distribution lines. Basically, distance protection relays determine the impedance of the line by comparing the voltage and current values. In this study, artificial neural network (ANN) has been used to accurately locate high impedance short circuit faults in 154 kV power transmission lines. The impedance diagram (R-X) of the circuit breaker, current-voltage transformer, overhead transmission line, distance protection relay and distance protection relay has been formed by using simulation program in order to make the study real. The data sets created by recording the image of the change of the impedance occurring at the time of high impedance short circuit fault. The related focal points in the images are given as input to different ANN models and predicted the short circuit faults occurring at different locations on the transmission lines with high accuracy.